E Pluribus Unum - Computational Creativity Research: Towards Creative Machines - page 173

Class : Artifact
Class : Capability
ObjectProperty : has_function
Range : Capability
ObjectProperty : executes
Range : Capability
ObjectProperty : is_located_on
Class : Person
Class : Plot
ObjectProperty : is_inhabited_by
Domain : House
Range : Person
Class : ServeAsResidence
SubClassOf : Capability
Class : ArtifactThatExecutesResidenceFunction
EquivalentTo : Artifact that executes
some ServeAsResidence
SubClassOf : is_inhabited_by some Person
Class : House
SubClassOf : Artifact
that is_located_on some Plot
and has_function some
ServeAsResidence

Fig. 9.4 Ontology House

• ontology alignment (written alignment ALIGN _ NAME : O 1 to O 2 = c 1 ,..., c n ),

where the correspondences c i relate a symbol in O 1 with one in O 2 ,e.g. s 1 = s 2

s 2 . Alignments can be seen as a relational variant of interpretations, with
the major difference that no logical consequence in involved.
An essential novelty introduced in DOL is that a user can specify the ontological
base diagram as a DOL theory, from which the colimit and other blendoids can
then be computed. 8 This is a crucial task, as the computed colimit ontology depends
on the dependencies between symbols that are stored in the diagram. Ontohub, a
DOL -enabled repository discussed further in Sect. 9.5 , is able to use the specification
of a base diagram to automatically generate the colimit ontology. In the next section,
we illustrate the specification of base diagrams in DOL and the computation of the
resulting blendoids by blending house and boat to houseboat and boathouse.

or s 1 <

9.4.1 The Classic House + Boat Blend

The main inputs for the blendings consist of two ontologies, one for house and the

other for . We adapt them from Goguen and Harrell [ 23 ] but give a stronger

axiomatisation tomake themmore realistic and ontologically sound. Figure 9.4 shows

boat

8 While OBJ3 already provides the possibility to write down theory morphisms, only DOL provides
means to collect them into a formally defined diagram; see the network construct below.