Biodiversity of the Blue Zone - Blue Carbon Reservoir of the Blue Planet - page 54

Fig. 2.19 Copepod: a common holoplankton

Fig. 2.20 Larval stage (plankton) of Macrobrachium rosenbergii

and South-East Asia and additional 23.5 % in
Indonesia. The most recent estimates suggest that
mangroves presently occupy about 14,653,000 ha
of tropical and subtropical coastline (Table 2.8 )
(Wilkie and Fortuna 2003 ).
A list of mangrove-dominated countries in
and around Indian Ocean is shown in Table 2.9 .
In the Indian Ocean region, the mangroves are
found in a variety of coastal settings, ranging

from arid areas through estuaries, lagoons and
deltas to coastal fringes. The functional types of
mangroves in the Indian Ocean region are as
follows:
1. Overwash mangrove small man-

grove islands, frequently overwashed by the
tides.
2. Fringing mangrove forests

forests —

— found along the

waterways in fl uenced by daily tides.