Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 1.16
A tide-dominated estuary with wide mouth (entrance) during high-tide condition
Fig. 1.17
A tide-dominated estuary with intertidal mud
fl
at exposed during low-tide condition
Waves can also be classi
ed on the basis of
On the basis of motion of waveform, wave
can be classi
their generating force
a. Winds are responsible for the generation of
capillary waves, ultra-gravity waves and infra-
gravity waves.
b. Storms and earthquakes or movement of
the crustal plates is responsible for long-
period waves such as
ed into two categories.
a. Progressive waves are those which propagate
laterally.
b. Standing waves are those which do not
propagate laterally but move in a vertical
direction. A standing wave may form when
two progressive waves move in opposite
direction in such a way that
Tsunamis.
c. Gravitational attraction of sun and moon
acts as generating force for ordinary tidal
waves.
d. Storms, sun, and moon are effective causes
for trans-tidal waves.
interference
are standing waves.
Seismic sea waves (or tsunami) are generated
by displacement of the ocean
results.
'
Seiches
'
fl
oor. Volcanic
eruptions
and catastrophic
submarine mass
