Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
Fig. 7.8 Map of the study region with 2 stations marked
in
the two metropolises of
(Calcutta) is
connected to the two western rivers, which are also fed by
the melt water from the
Haldia
and
Kolkata
red
. The western station is located at 21
°
52
20.78
N,
88
E, at the tip of Sagar Island. The Seven
Rivers marked by
°
7
29.73
after being regulated
through barrages. The central station, at 22
Himalayas
from west to east are as
follows: Hooghly, Muriganga, Saptamukhi, Thakuran,
Matla, Gosaba and Harinbhanga. The discharge system of
R1
through
R7
°
15
33.97
N,
88
°
39
34.64
E, is connected to the rivers
R4
and
R5
which do not have any freshwater input
Table 7.2 Aboveground stem biomass (AGSB) in t/ha of
ve selected mangrove species in the western and central
Indian Sundarbans
Year
Table 7.3 Aboveground stem carbon stock (in t/ha) of
ve selected mangrove species in the western and central
Indian Sundarbans
Year
Western (t/ha)
Central (t/ha)
Western
(t/ha)
Central
(t/ha)
Sonneratia apetala
19.79
15.02
Sonneratia apetala
8.39 (42.4 %)
6.17 (41.1 %)
Avicennia marina
18.14
14.87
Avicennia marina
7.22 (39.8 %)
5.84 (39.3 %)
Avicennia ofcinalis
7.75
5.12
Avicennia of cinalis
3.37 (43.5 %)
2.13 (41.7 %)
Rhizophora mangle
13.78
13.97
Rhizophora mangle
6.15 (44.6 %)
6.57 (43.9 %)
Heritiera fomes
5.71
2.03
2.35 (41.1 %) 0.80 (39.4 %)
The gures in bracket represent the percentage of carbon
present
Heritiera fomes
saline conditions and may face extinction from
certain pockets of lower Gangetic plain (partic-
ularly in and around the Matla River) if the
current trend of salinity rise (
F. Natural Disasters and Extreme Weather
Events
Natural disasters and extreme weather events
greatly damage the blue carbon community of the
planet Earth. People all over the world face the
reality of climate variability in different mode and
magnitude. More than 530,000 people died as a
direct result of almost 15,000 extreme weather
events, and loss of more than USD 2.5 trillion (in
PPP) occurred from 1993 to 2012 globally. The
list of natural disaster is vast and the magnitude of
2 psu/decade)
*
continues (Mitra et al. 2009 ).
The carbon sequestration capacity of man-
groves (blue carbon) also decreases in hypersa-
line condition. The carbon content (in %)
analysed on a LECO ® CHN-600 analyser re
ects
relatively lower carbon in the mangroves of
central sector (Table 7.3 ) which may be attrib-
uted to lower AGSB and relative density of the
species.
fl
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