Environmental Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
western region
central region
145
90
y = 0.7659x + 38.082
R
2
= 0.5912
80
140
y = 0.821x + 65.042
R
2
= 0.6291
70
60
135
50
40
130
30
20
125
10
120
0
0
20
40
60
80
100
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
Stem Biomass (Kg)
Stem Biomass (Kg)
western region
central region
145
90
80
y = 0.6759x + 61.009
R
2
= 0.0807
140
70
y = 0.7581x + 108.92
R
2
= 0.0864
60
135
50
40
130
30
20
125
10
0
120
0
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
40
0
5
10
15
20
25
Branch Biomass (Kg)
Branch Biomass (Kg)
western region
central region
145
90
y = 1.1156x + 62.336
R
2
= 0.1212
80
140
70
y = 1.16x + 113.05
R
2
= 0.1389
60
135
50
40
130
30
125
20
10
120
0
0
5
10
15
20
25
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Leaf Biomass (Kg)
Leaf Biomass (Kg)
Fig. 4.4
Scatter plots showing the relationship between AGB and stem, branch and leaf biomass of Sonneratia apetala
in the western and central regions of Indian Sundarbans
store carbon. This is a relevant question, no
doubt, but the answer is controlled by several
environmental parameters (such as salinity and
soil nutrients) that affect the growth and survival
of mangroves. The storage potential of man-
groves is also salinity speci
ciency of
mangrove water use will be enhanced, and there
will be speci
According to UNEP (
1994
), the ef
c species variation in response to
elevated carbon dioxide. Due to the increase in
water-use ef
ciency, mangroves in arid regions
c;
for example,
may bene
t because decreased water loss via
transpiration will accompany carbon dioxide
uptake (Ball and Munns
1992
). If salinity
increases in arid regions, then this advantage may
be lost, because increases in carbon dioxide do
not affect mangrove growth when salinity is too
high for a species to maintain water uptake.
Increases in carbon dioxide are not likely to
cause mangrove
Heritiera fomes
(locally known as Sundari) can
survive luxuriantly in complete freshwater envi-
ronment (Fig.
4.10
) environment and can store
substantial carbon.
Heritiera fomes
is gradually getting extinct
owing to increase in salinity in central Indian
Sundarbans and can be considered as most sen-
sitive species (Figs.
4.10
and
4.11
) in relation to
sea-level rise and subsequent increase in salinity.
Buttress roots are seen in several mangrove
species such as
canopy
photosynthesis
to
increase signi
cantly (UNEP
1994
). However, in
an experiment testing, the effects of humidity,
salinity and increased carbon dioxide on two
Australian mangrove species,
Heritiera littoralis and H. fomes
(Fig.
4.12
). Buttress roots provide stability to the
trees, especially in tropical areas. They can grow
up to 10 m in height.
Rhizophora stylosa
and
Rhizophora
apiculata
,
photosynthesis
increase signi
cantly with increased levels of
