The Molecular Basis of ABA-Mediated Plant Response to Drought - Abiotic Stress: Plant Responses and Applications in Agriculture - page 114

PROTEIN 33 ) is a transcription factor that is involved in ABA and GA signaling and is the
target of hvu-MIR159a [7].

Species Identified miRNA related to drought References

osa-MIR170, osa-MIR172, osa-MIR397, osa-MIR408,
osa-MIR529, osa-MIR896, osa-MIR1030, osa-MIR1035, osa-MIR1050,
osa-MIR1088, osa-MIR1126, osa-MIR395, osa-MIR474, osa-MIR845,
osa-MIR851, osa-MIR854, osa-MIR901, osa-MIR903 and osa-MIR1125,
osa-MIR156, osa-MIR168, osa-MIR170, osa-MIR171, osa-MIR172, osa-
MIR319, osa-MIR396, osa-MIR397, osa-MIR408

rice [117]

gma-MIR166-5p, gma-MIR169f-3p, gma-MIR1513c,
gma-MIR397ab, gma-MIR-Seq13, gma-MIR-Seq11,
gma-MIRSeq15, gma-MIR166f, gma-MIR-482bd-3p,
gma-MIR4415b, gma-MIR-Seq07

soybean [118]

zma-MIR161, zma-MIR397, zma-MIR446, zma-MIR479, zma-MIR530,
zma-MIR776, zma-MIR782, zma-MIR815a, zma-MIR818a, zma-
MIR820, zma-MIR828, zma-MIR834, zmaMIR1, zma-MIR2, zma-MIR3,
zma-MIR4, zma-MIR5, zma-MIR6, zma-MIR7, zma-MIR8, zma-MIR9

maize [119]

barley hvu-MIR156, hvu-MIR166, hvu-MIR171, hvu-MIR408 [7]

hvu-MIRn026a, hvu-MIRn029, hvu-MIR035, hvu-MIR156d, hvu-
MIR396d, hvu-MIR399b

[8]

* red indicates down-regulation by drought, green indicates up-regulation by drought, blue indicates regulation op‐
posite to that observed in Arabidopsis, black indicates no information about regulation by drought

Table 3. miRNA related to drought in different crop species.

6. From the cell to the organism level - Phenotyping of drought-treated
crops

In order to understand gene-to-phenotype relationships in the plant response to drought
stress, it is vital to decipher the physiological and genetic bases of this process. Recent ad‐
vances in crop physiology, genomics and plant phenotyping have provided a broader
knowledge and better tools for crop improvement under stress conditions [120]. Maintain‐
ing a high yield under drought conditions has become a priority for breeders. However, the
physiological basis of yield maintenance under drought is not yet fully understood, of the
complexity of the mechanisms that plants can use to maintain growth in conditions due to
water deficit [120]. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) for genes conferring a yield benefit under
drought conditions first need to be identified in phenotypic screens and then incorporated
into crops using marker-assisted selection [121]. Direct selection for yield in drought-prone
environments, however, has proven to be difficult. Drought stress is a dynamic process and