FUEL CELLS—ENERGY FOR A POWER-HUNGRY WORLD - Chemistry: Notable Research and Discoveries - page 162

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Climate Change 2007:
Synthesis Report. Available online. URL: http://www.ipcc.ch/pdf/
assessment-report/ar4/syr/ar4_syr.pdf. Accessed May 28, 2009.
IPCC scientists review climate data and models.
Lin, Haiqing, Elizabeth Van Wagner, Benny D. Freeman, Lora G. Toy,
and Raghubir P. Gupta. “Plasticization-Enhanced Hydrogen Pu-
rification Using Polymeric Membranes.” Science 311 (February 3,
2006): 639-642. The researchers developed a membrane that traps
hydrogen molecules, letting other reactant products, such as carbon
dioxide, pass through.
Lower, Stephen. “All About Electrochemistry.” Available online. URL:
http://www.chem1.com/acad/webtext/elchem/. Accessed May 28,
2009. Part of a virtual chemistry textbook, this excellent resource
explains the basics of electrochemistry, which is important in under-
standing how fuel cells work. Discussions include galvanic cells and
electrodes, cell potentials and thermodynamics, the Nernst equation
and its applications, batteries and fuel cells, electrochemical corro-
sion, and electrolytic cells and electrolysis.
Romm, Joseph J. The Hype About Hydrogen: Fact and Fiction in the Race
to Save the Climate. Washington, D.C.: Island Press, 2004. All new
technologies have their doubters and pessimists. Romm, formerly
employed at the Department of Energy during President Clinton's
administration, is not quite convinced that convenient and practical
means of getting energy from hydrogen will soon be forthcoming.
Science Daily. “New Class of Catalyst for Fuel Cells Beats Pure Platinum
by a Mile.” News release, October 24, 2007. Available online. URL:
http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2007/10/071023164031.htm.
Accessed May 28, 2009. The researchers have discovered an alloy of
copper, cobalt, and platinum that exceeds pure platinum's catalytic
activity for the reduction of oxygen.
Smithsonian Institution. “Fuel Cell Basics.” Available online. URL:
http://americanhistory.si.edu/fuelcells/basics.htm. Accessed May
28, 2009. This Web page presents an overview of fuel cell operation.
Alkali, molten carbonate, phosphoric, proton exchange membrane,
and solid oxide fuel cells are discussed.
Zhang, J., K. Sasaki, E. Sutter, and R. R. Adzic. “Stabilization of Plati-
num Oxygen-Reduction Electrocatalysts Using Gold Clusters.” Sci-