Civil Engineering Reference
In-Depth Information
FIGURE 3.23
Settlement and tilting of a building located in
Niigata, Japan. The building suffered liquefaction-induced settle-
ment and tilting during the Niigata earthquake on June 16, 1964.
(
Photograph from the Steinbrugge Collection, EERC, University of
California, Berkeley.
)
Some spectacular examples of damage to waterfront structures due to liquefac-
tion occurred during the Kobe earthquake on January 17, 1995. Particular details
concerning the Kobe earthquake are as follows (EQE Summary Report 1995,
EERC 1995):
●
The Kobe earthquake, also known as the Hyogo-ken Nanbu earthquake, had a moment
magnitude
M
w
of 6.9.
●
The earthquake occurred in a region with a complex system of previously mapped active
faults.
●
The focus of the earthquake was at a depth of approximately 15 to 20 km (9 to
12 mi). The focal mechanism of the earthquake indicated right-lateral strike-slip
faulting on a nearly vertical fault that runs from Awaji Island through the city
of Kobe.
